Structured English Immersion in Arizona schools Free Essay Example, 2500 words

Structured English Immersion in Arizona schools Introduction Teaching English of the non-native speakers and has often been regarded as a severe task for the educators. Such teaching provides the possibility for teachers to enhance the ability of language learning among the students. The various learning programs intended for the students promote them an expansion and rapid growth in their language skills which has been noted as improving their interactions with others. Educational researchers have identified the tremendous influence of such language studies on students, how a well planned instruction making them comprehending the key words in English and effectively using them in their day today conversations. This is common knowledge that English language learners at pre-emergent and emergent levels are looking for a well balanced instruction which may make them capable of getting proficiency in good vocabulary, practical communication skills, grammar— the essential factors ensuring effective communication. Teachers have decisive roles in improving the skills of the students in English language. They have the roles of facilitators in arranging the classrooms, presenting the best possible model of the language, delivering focused lessons on foundational grammar skills, and providing feedback, guidance, and reinforcement that supplements the natural language learning abilities of students (English language proficiency (ELP) standards reading, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Structured English Immersion in Arizona schools or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Analyzing these factors one can see that the implementation of a new system of learning can certainly influence students in various ways to improve their language skills. Regarding the implementation of such a new system, the voters of Arizona passed a ballot initiative in 2000 that required all English language learners to be educated through Structured English Immersion (SEI) (Clark, 2009 42). Analyzing the features and strategies of SEI in promoting better educational background for English Language Learners, one can certainly regard it as the â€Å"best practice. † Documentation of history Analyzing the history of Structured English Immersion (SEI), Learner can comprehend the fact that it was Keith Baker and Adriana de Kanter introduced SEI in recommendation to schools to improve the process of teaching English for non-native speakers in Canada. Then SEI has achieved a new status in 1991as a result of advanced studies conducted by David Ramirez and he coined two basic components like teachers maximize instruction in English and teachers use and teach English at a level appropriate to the abilities of the ELL in the class (Clark 2009).

Csr And Its Usefulness For Modern Business - 1739 Words

Many social scientists and economists like Friedman (1917 NYT article); Visser (2010) and Karnani (2011) have been looking at the arguments for and against ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’. There are many different definitions of CSR but the idea behind it is that businesses contribute to the well being of society, as well as sustainable development by delivering environmental, economic and social benefits to society, not just economic benefits to the shareholders. Most writers have made slightly different cases against CSR and its usefulness for modern business and society. One can see, even by looking at relevant case studies, that there are certainly a large amount of flaws involved in the concept of CRS and DWBD (Doing well by doing good), which I shall point out over the rest of this coursework. I shall also consider the positive aspects of CSR, I will explore the critical writings off Karnani, who claimed that in each case CSR is either irrelevant or ineffective, and compare those to other notable criticisms such as Reich and Visser who all analyse various faults with the concept of CSR. A problem that I came across early in my research and reading was that motives for businesses to engage in CSR are very often not pure. Many businesses use CSR in order to claim their social licence to operate. As the CSR activity often makes them seem legitimate and responsible, it gives managers an opportunity to hide and disguise the activities of the corporation. This is theShow MoreRelatedThe Principles Of Scientific Management2994 Words   |  12 Pagesefficiency and effectiveness in meeting its objectives (Garg, 2013). Scientific management has been the dominant model for many years, but its usefulness for meeting modern organisational challenges may be limited. 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Kant defines God as simply the idea Free Essays

Kant defines God as simply the idea (in his technical sense of idea) or analogical image of systematic unity. As an existent, ‘God’ is a natural illusion. We can have no cognition of God or an underlying substratum because such concepts transcend the conditions of possible experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Kant defines God as simply the idea or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the phenomenal realm, God or the ens realissimum, an individual being containing â€Å"the sum-total of all possibilities† or all predicates of things in general – can be characterized only negatively. God is not an object and as such can be cognized only by analogy with nature. It is by means of this analogy that there remains a concept of the Supreme Being sufficiently determined for us, though we have left out everything that could determine it absolutely and it itself. In his analysis of the conditions of the possible cognition of objects Kant distinguishes between different kinds of judgments. In doing so, he is examining what type of cognitions make up, or could make up, the concept of God or any other metaphysical consideration. Kant does not divide propositions, as traditionally done, into the empirical and the a priori. Instead, Kant talks about judgments, propositions that are held by a subject. Kant argues that all judgments are either analytic or synthetic, and either a priori or a posteriori. Analytic judgments are those in which the predicate inheres in the subject or is presupposed by it. Synthetic judgments are those in which the predicate is not in the subject. A priori in the Kantian sense means held before experience, or what can be held without experience. A posteriori means dependent on and derived from experience. Kant’s analysis of judgments has implications for the analysis of metaphysical concepts such as God. If metaphysics is at all possible, then its judgments cannot be empirical or a posteriori. Nor can they be analytic, since this would be contrary to the very idea of going beyond what is given – something that metaphysics claims as its defining characteristic. In its traditional guise, the cosmological proof is premised upon finite and contingent being or, more to the point, conditioned being.   What is conditioned has conditions, and the mind is naturally led to infer condition from conditioned without limit.   The only possible way to end this regress (and thereby to satisfy understanding) is by positing unconditioned being.   Kant expresses the proof as follows:   â€Å"If anything exists, an absolutely necessary being must also exist.   Now I, at least, exist.   Therefore an absolutely necessary being exists†. Without absolutely necessary (i.e., unconditioned) being to end the regress of causes, there is no completeness to the series and no satisfaction for understanding. On the otherhand, Hegel’s ultimate aim in discussing the proofs for the existence of God (viz., the cosmological, teleological, and ontological) is to remove what he calls the ‘distortion’ evident in their popular exposition. Hegel takes this distortion to be the well-spring of Kant’s widely accepted refutation of the proofs.   Hegel explains, â€Å"our task is to restore the proofs of God’s existence to a position of honor by stripping away that distortion†Ã‚   Kant’s damning attack, then, is not directly met by Hegel. The Kantian criticisms were, for Hegel, by and large warranted given his construal of the proofs.   Hegel’s aim is rather to recast the nature of these proofs (and proof in general).   Hegel accomplishes this end is quite naturally in light of his reformulation of metaphysics.   His subsequent reintroduction of the proofs is one that is able to avoid Kant’s refutation – a refutation which Hegel thinks is based upon a mistaken view of human conception. There is very little regarding Kant’s analysis that Hegel finds objectionable given Kant’s rendition of the proofs.   Rather than refute Kant directly, Hegel is far more concerned that we see these proofs in their ‘true and proper form’.   According to Hegel, Kant â€Å"failed to recognize the deeper basis upon which these proofs rest, and so was unable to do justice to their true elements†. In each case, Hegel agrees, the infinite is supposed to be reached from a starting-point which is finite.   This transition, however, is not the static formal mediation Kant believes it to be.   Hegel explains, This knowledge of God, is inwardly a movement; more precisely, it is an elevation to God.   We express religion essentially as an elevation, a passing over from one content to another.   It is the finite content from which we pass over to God, from which we relate ourselves to the absolute, infinite content and pass over to it . Returning to the proofs themselves, Hegel finds that they evidence the progression of human thought itself.   Kant was in part correct in his claim that the ontological proof is the battlefield on which the outcome of the war is to be determined.   For Hegel, the ontological proof is the most profound achievement of spirit.   It comes late in the historical play of appearances for this reason.   For Hegel, furthermore, the deficiencies particular to each of the earlier proofs are very nearly the ones pointed out by Kant. The cosmological proof has as its point of departure the nonsystematic cognition of the world (i.e., the world is not seen as Nature). â€Å"By the term world we understand the aggregate of material things.† In this mode of proof, consideration is first given to the being of variety, flux, and contingency evidenced by this aggregate.   â€Å"This is the kind of starting-point from which the spirit raises itself to God†.   This elevation, as already discussed, is impossible if one affirms this contingency. Further, to affirm the contingency of the world is to overlook its self-negating character. This next proof is so similar to the first that it seems unnecessary to consider it in great detail.   There are, however, also some distinctive insights worth mentioning.   Again, the proof departs from an apprehension of finitude – in this case determinate finitude.   â€Å"There is finite being on one side, though it is not just abstractly defined, or defined only as being, but rather as being that has within it the more substantial determination of being something physically alive†.   The negation of finitude is, again, at the same time an elevation and affirmation. The ontological proof also finds its point of departure in finitude.   In this case, finitude appears in the form of subjectivity.   Progress is not to be had by affirming the finitude of the mere conception of God.   Such an affirmation amounts to a reduction of all conception to mere representation.   This finitude of consciousness (in which consciousness is construed as subject in contradistinction to object) must, of course, be negated.   Conception must be cast in its true and proper light. This final proof is the culmination of millennia of progress in the realm of consciousness for Hegel.   â€Å"Only when spirit has grown to its highest freedom and subjectivity does it grasp this thought of God as something subjective and arrive at this antithesis of subjectivity and objectivity†.   It is natural that the earlier proofs should therefore fall short of their mark.   This elevation fits naturally into Hegel’s larger system for understanding the history of religion, consciousness, being, and culture.   Indeed, Hegel explains, â€Å"Even within the Christian era it was not accomplished for a long time, because it involves the most profound descent of spirit into itself†. How to cite Kant defines God as simply the idea, Essay examples

Ode To Autumn free essay sample

This is the most faultless of Keats’s odes in point of construction. The first stanza gives us the bounty of Autumn, the second describes the occupations of the season, and the last dwells upon its sounds. Indeed, the poem is a complete and concrete picture of Autumn, â€Å"the season of mists and mellow fruitfulness†. Its Sensuousness The bounty of Autumn has been described with all its sensuous appeal. The vines suggesting grapes, the apples, the gourds, the hazels with their sweet kernel, the bees suggesting honey—all these appeal to our senses of taste and smell. The whole landscape is made to appear fresh and scented. There is great concentration in each line of the first stanza. Each line is like the branch of a fruit-tree laden with fruit to the breaking-point. Its Vivid Imagery The second stanza contains some of the most vivid pictures in English poetry. Keats’s pictorial quality is here seen at its best. We will write a custom essay sample on Ode To Autumn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Autumn is personified and presented to us in the figure of the winnower, â€Å"sitting careless on a granary floor†, the reaper â€Å"on a half-reaped furrow sound asleep†, the gleaner keeping â€Å"steady thy laden head across a brook†, and a spectator watching with patient look a cider-press and the last oozings therefrom. The reaper, the winnower, the gleaner, and the cider-presser symbolise Autumn. These pictures make the poem human and universal because the eternal labours of man are brought before the eyes of the reader. The Poet’s Keen Observation of Nature The third stanza is a collection of the varied sounds of Autumn—the choir of gnats, the bleating of lambs, the singing of crickets, the whistling of red-breasts, and the twittering of swallows. Keats’s interest in small and homely creatures is fully evidenced in these lines. The whole poem demonstrates Keats’s interest in Nature and his keen and minute observation of natural sights and sounds. Keats’s responsiveness and sensitivity to natural phenomena is one of the striking qualities of his poetry. Its Objectivity and its Greek Character The poem is characterised by complete objectivity. The poet keeps himself absolutely out of the picture. Nor docs he express any emotion whether of joy or melancholy. He gives the objects of feeling, not the feeling itself. The poem is written in a calm and serene mood. There is no discontent, no anguish, no bitterness of any kind. There is no philosophy in the poem, no allegory, no inner meaning. We are just brought face to face with â€Å"Nature in all her richness of tint and form†. The poem breathes the spirit of Greek poetry. In fact, it is one of the most Greek compositions by Keats. There is the Greek touch in the personification of Autumn and there is the Greek note in the poet’s impersonal manner of dwelling upon Nature. Felicity of Diction We have here the usual felicity of diction for which Keats is famous. Phrases like â€Å"mellow fruitfulness†, â€Å"maturing sun†, â€Å"hair soft-lifted†, â€Å"barred clouds† which â€Å"bloom the soft-dying day†, â€Å"hilly bourn† are examples of Keats’s happy coinages. Nor is poetic artifice wanting to add beauty to the verse. The alliteration in the following lines is, for instance, noteworthy: To smell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells With a sweet kernel; to set budding more, And still more, later flowers for the bees, Until they think warm days will never cease, For summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells. Several words here contain the same â€Å"z† sound—hazel, shells, flowers, bees, days, cease, cells. The abundance of â€Å"m† sound in these lines is also noteworthy: plump, more, warm, summer, brimni’d clammy. Its Form The rhyme-scheme in this ode is the same (except for a little variation) in all the stanzas each of which consists of 11 lines. Thus it is a â€Å"regular† ode. A Critic’s Comment â€Å"Most satisfying of all the Odes, in thought and expression, is the Ode To Autumn. Most satisfying because, for all the splendour of diction in the others, there are times when the poetic fire dwindles for a moment, whereas in this ode, from its inception to its close, matter and manner are not only superbly blended, but every line carries its noble freight of beauty. The first stanza is a symphony of colour, the second a symphony of movement, the third a symphony of sound. The artist shapes the first and last, and in the midst the man, the thinker, gives us its human significance. Thus is the poem perfected, its sensuous imagery enveloping as it were its vital idea. †

Population in Mexico City free essay sample

Effects of over population in Mexico City There are parts of the world that have an alarming overpopulation rate, one of these locations is Mexico city which is located in the Federal District, Capital of the Country of Mexico. Mexico Citys enormous population continues to rapidly increase every day. With approximately 20 million residents; up from 9 million only 20 years ago, Mexico City is considered the most populous urban center on earth. There are many people in the country of Mexico who move to Mexico city because they feel that there are better life and employment pportunities there, however there are also hundreds of people that are born there every year and these factors contribute even more to its overcrowding and overpopulation. Mexico City has a poor living habitat because it is located in the Valley of Mexico, which is highly vulnerable to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. These natural disasters have caused much destruction making these grounds to be weak and dry, nev er the less the city is rapidly diminishing water supply which adds a danger problem to the overcrowding of it’s population. We will write a custom essay sample on Population in Mexico City or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once its water supply is gone, the only way to receive water will be to transport it from across the mountains. Not only does the city have to pipe water in, but it also has to pipe the sewage out of waste-filled areas. This would be a very expensive undertaking and could cost Mexico City a large amount of money. In addition Mexico City contains a extremely high rate of bad air pollution which is one of the most dangerous problem and health hazard presently facing the city. The air in the city is so polluted that at times the air quality exceeds 100 times the cceptable level. There are currently thousands of factories and millions of vehicles are the main causes of the air pollution in Mexico City. Mexico City has many problems at the present time, and it does not look as if it is going to get much better in the future. Important negatives caused by such over population in Mexico city is the decreased amount of space people have. The less space people have to live in, the harder it i s for them to get along. People find themselves competing for space as well as food, water and air! This makes people’s behavior more hostile in their environment. Mexico city has a high crime rate and these city civilians are stereotyped as being people with a high lack of respect for others. Since personal space is reduced, violence is more prevalent in the most highly populated areas. This behavior is probably due to aggression and anxiety brought on by a lack of personal space. Overpopulation also leads to poverty, disease and famine as people desperately compete for jobs, food and shelter. As the earths population continues to grow, it will be harder to feed people. Furthermore, Mexico as a whole country contains a majority of catholic religious believers which means that there is very little use of birth control. This causes for couples to have large number of children which only adds to the overpopulation dilemma in this city. Consequently overcrowding also adds to the rate of poverty which essentially contributes to a lack of education. Global warming seems to be linked to pollution of the air, and the seas are being polluted by oil spills and waste dumping. Fewer people would mean less pollution from cars, factories, planes and trains. Mankind has a responsibility to the planet, our own species and to other life forms to limit reproduction. Much more emphasis needs to be placed on planning family size. More education needs to be made available about the consequences of unchecked population growth. Free birth control and family counseling ought to be made available to everyone in Mexico not just Mexico city. The Mexican Government should take an active role in alleviating the population crisis. As a monetary incentive to remain childless, tax rebates should be given to people who dont have children. The population bomb threatening the earth can still be defused. If the population problem were addressed, the rest of the worlds woes would be much easier to remedy. Overpopulation underlies most problems facing many places all over the world, and one of them being greatly affected is Mexico city today. People can all help by limiting their own family size and encouraging young people to do the same and voting for laws to encourage zero population growth. A brighter future will be their reward.

The Signal-Man by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by HG Wells Essay Example

The Signal The Signal-Man by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by HG Wells Paper The Signal-Man by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by HG Wells Paper Essay Topic: Best Worst American Stories In the Waiting Room Literature The Haunting Of Hill House For my essay I am going to compare The Signal-Man by Charles Dickens (1866) and The Red Room by H. G Wells (1896). I am going to look at how the writers have crafted their language and structure to produce a growing sense of tension and intrigue. Herbert George Wells was born on September 21st 1866, in Bromley, Kent. He was educated at the Normal School of Science in London. He worked as a drapers apprentice, bookkeeper, tutor, and journalist then in 1885 he became a full-time writer. H. G Wells is best known for his science fiction novels, which often depict the triumphs of technology and also the horrors of 20th century warfare. He also wrote closely about his own experiences and ordeals. Wells died at the age of 80 years, on August 13th, 1946, in London. Charles John Huffam Dickens was born on February 7th, 1812, in Portsmouth, but spent most of his life in London and Kent. He started school at the age of nine, but soon was removed to support his family when his father was imprisoned for debt. Dickens was humiliated by this, and in one of his novels almost completely re-told the story in David Copperfield (1849-1850). He later returned to school, but he was mostly self-educated. He had worked in a shoe-polishing factory as a boy; later on he worked as a legal clerk, a reporter at Parliament and then for his uncles publication The Mirror of Parliament. He also worked for another publication called The Morning Chronicle. Through this he managed to get his works published. He became hugely popular. Dickens died on June 9th, 1870 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. These two writers have a substantial time gap in writing terms. Wells is at the time when modernism is just about to appear, whereas Dickens is in the middle of the more traditional ways of writing. He was a leading figure in Victorian realism. Dickens offers a more formal and traditional style, whereas Wells was just starting to bend them. At the time of Dickens there would not have been the excitement and fear of the new discoveries in science that was around in Wells time. This gave Wells a new type of horror to write about. Both writers lived near or were born in the Kent area. Their surroundings and maybe even experiences would have been very similar. These experiences often appeared in both writers works. Each of their publications reflected past experiences and places that they had seen; although they are very far apart, the way in which they gathered information is very similar. The Red Room is set at Lorraine castle. The first person narrator is a middle-aged man who is investigating claims of a spectre in a certain room in the castle. Three elderly custodians warn him of going to the room. He ignores their cautionary words and ventures up the draughty subterranean passage. A frightening event happens within the room and the man is knocked unconscious. He wakes the following morning to find the elderly people watching him. He has found there is no ghost there at all but something that we cannot control: the fears of fear itself. The Signal-Man is set about a extremely deep railway cutting in the countryside. A rambler, who is the first person narrator, comes across the cutting and finds there to be a signalman working there. They talk on and off for two nights, and to the ramblers surprise learns that the signalman has been seeing a spectre. Each time the signalman sees the spectre an accident occurs soon after. The signalman also tells the rambler that he has recently seen the spectre, and that it was doing a certain action. The following day the rambler finds that the Signalman (was) killed this morning. Although the ghost story has been around since the earliest times it came into its own in the latter half of the 19th century when new events were occurring such as breakthroughs in science and the disintegration of religion. Charles Darwins theory on evolution was changing the way in which people saw their religion; they were starting to question it more. People were afraid of the far-reaching scientists who may go too far. A writer named Mary Shelley played on this particular fear, she created Dr. Frankenstein in which a scientist collects body parts and injects life into the dead limbs, so the creature lives. This links to the gothic novel in ways such as the setting, being dark and foreboding. Uncertainty was all around, people feared what they did not understand. They did not want the change that would come with these new findings. So the writers of the time played on these fears and concerns. They explored the depths of the human psyche, which was inspired by Sigmund Freud who was just beginning to explore the mind in the late 19th century. His work prepared the ground for the breakthroughs in psychology that would contribute towards modernism. The writers were trying to get a story that would affect many people. These stories were also an escape from the harsh life of Victorian Britain. The settings of Victorian ghost stories are often a remote castle or graveyard in a wild and foreboding landscape, with night approaching or with darkness already there. These settings have their roots in gothic novels; the traditions have simply been carried on. Quite often the victim of the story was a solitary person. In The Red Room the twenty-eight year old man stands in the first room with deep-toned, old-fashioned furniture. There is also a queer mirror which abbreviates, broadens and makes the onlooker more sturdy on the opposite wall, suggesting distortion to the onlooker. The presumed housekeepers room is warm but also has an air of age and malice to it. The door to the room is large and Baize covered this hints at a large holding. The passageway is chilly, echoing, long, draughty, subterranean and dusty this is building tension because of the darkness and isolation that the passageway holds. The only light that is in the passageway is by candlelight, which casts vivid black shadows across the walls. This creates atmosphere and tension by giving the man moving, creeping shadows to walk through, the shadows cower and quiver and the he has no idea of what is just out of sight. When he reaches the large sombre room it has corners and alcoves filled with germinating darkness. The darkness of parts of the room suggests that something may be hiding there, That odd suggestion of a lurking, living thing. Wells uses personification here to make the room alive and more frightening, suggesting that at any moment anything could appear and confront the man. Giving the whole castle suggestions of an insidious presence. The room has a perfect stillness which usually suggests that something is imminent, like the calm before the storm. This adds to the growing tension by making the reader have an expectation of what will happen. The actual name of the room the red room suggests that something has happened there before, a murder perhaps due to the red part of the name which points to blood. When the candles begin to extinguish the room turns darker and more foreboding. After the man had knocked himself unconscious he woke to the daylight, now the reader knows that nothing will happen. The daylight makes everything reveal itself; things that were there in the darkness have disappeared. The daylight diminishes the minds questions and its panic, since it can see everything nothing can harm you. The mind no longer runs away with itself in thoughts of the worst-case scenarios. The settings of The Red Room are very much the stereotypical gothic Victorian ghost story, the castle with the old and dusty furniture. The opening parts to The Signal-Man occur at sunset, when everything is nearing dark. This is indicative of an event happening in the near future. The cutting is surrounded by countryside, so if there were a problem you could not get help. In The Signal-Man the railway cutting is very intimidating. The cutting was extremely deep as if the rambler is going into a different world, it struck a chill to me, as if I had left the natural world. The only sign that the real world was still there was a strip of sky. The tunnel is massive, barbarous, depressing and has a forbidding air it is a very secluded and threatening place to be. The entrance to the tunnel has a gloomy red light and with the great dungeon behind it, it almost suggests that it leads to hell. The red light is suggestive of the flames and the tunnel, the darkness of hell. The cutting kills all good thought and provokes depression and misery with its solitary and dismal depths. The small hut, which has a fire, is much more welcoming than the environment around it. Over the two nights they talk they always meet and talk at night. This is done so that the reader thinks that something may happen, which the two men cannot see since it is just out of sight. The final day occurs during sunlight, this conveys to the reader that nothing will happen, giving the reader a false sense of security. The setting of the story is much is line with the typical gothic Victorian ghost story. But the railway cutting is different from the usual castle setting yet they still share the isolation and concealment from the world. The Red Room and The Signal-Man have similarities and differences. One thing they have in common is that both settings are dark, cold and intimidating, but The Red Room is more in line with the traditional ghost genre than The Signal-man is, since it has the typical castle and only a single character. Each story has its own tunnel or passageway, creating mystery and tension; they pose such questions as what is in the tunnel/passageway? What is at the end of the tunnel/passageway? Both stories end with daylight, creating a safer atmosphere in the readers mind. They each use the daylight to deceive the reader into thinking nothing will happen, then the writers surprise them with their twists in the ending. If the writers had ended their stories at night then the readers would have anticipated the ending, giving no surprise or shock to the reader. The Red Room has four characters, with one being the main character. The three elderly custodians who appear at the beginning and at the end of the story add suspense and set the scene. The way Wells uses the word custodians to describe the three elderly people is unusual because, apart from meaning that they are the caretakers of the castle, it may also imply that they hold all the keys. Custodian also suggests a prison guard, keeper or guardian; this could say that the castle is a sort of prison that men and women have died in, and that the young man is unlikely to get out either. The first elderly man is not described in much detail, but what Wells has said about him is that he has a withered arm and has a positive dislike for the second elderly man. The woman with her pale eyes wide open sat staring hard into the fire as if she was looking for something. She sways her head slowly from side to side displaying an unstable, maybe even mad mind. She mumbles more to herself than to anyone in the room (This night of all nights), this adds to the tension and even warns the man that something will happen. She may have even seen the event that happens later in the story. Which so disturbed her that she has turned into the state she is in currently. The third superannuated man is more bent, more wrinkled, more aged even than the first he adds a slight touch of antediluvian and evil to the room. With his small, bright, inflamed red eyes and his lower lip, half-averted, hung pale and pink from his decaying yellow teeth. His eyes seem to be permanently in shadow and his health appears to be failing, he began to cough and splutter. When the young man leaves the room he looks back to find them all close together, dark against the firelight, staring at me over their shoulders, with an intent expression upon their ancient faces. This to me is quite a haunting image, the three of them together, almost like they are plotting against the him. Wells explains more about them collectively than he does individually: they seemed to belong to another age, an older age an age when omens and ghosts beyond denying. Their very existence was spectral. This increases tension by adding mystery, and commenting that they were very spectral may point to the reality that they were in fact the ghosts that inhabited the castle, fashions born in dead brains. The human qualities seem to drop from the old people insensibly day by day this quote says that the elderly peoples life seeps and ebbs away continually, and that there appearances are no longer human. The narrator is eight and twenty years and tries to keep himself at a matter-of-fact phase but fails when the oddness of these three old pensioners affects him in his spirit. He is able to return to his former state of mind soon after with an effort I sent such thoughts to the right-about, but he then faces a dark and unsettling journey. When he reaches the corridor he stops abruptly because he has the impression of someone crouching to waylay me his nerves are such that he mistakes a person for a Ganymede and Eagle (a statue). When the narrator enters the room his mind is starting to fill with thoughts of previous events that had occurred in the room, events that will not help his nerves The great red room of Lorraine Castle, in which the young duke had died. To make himself more comfortable of his surroundings, the young man Began to walk about the room, peering round each article of furniture to make sure nothing or no one was there that could harm him. He also makes sure of the fastening of the door to reassure himself that nothing could get-in. To reassure himself even more he had pulled up a chintz-covered armchair and a table, to form a kind of barricade and on this lay my revolver ready to hand. His state of mind is obviously not good, since to go to the lengths of putting a revolver in front of him just in case is a huge overreaction. He must believe that something was in the room; otherwise he would not take such precautions to protect himself. His mind is overreacting to the shadows and deep recesses of the room, his mind is panicking him, not the room. He knows this and states, I was in a state of considerable nervous tension, although to my reason there was no adequate cause for the condition. To rid himself of the shadows, he decides to bring in more candles from the corridor, seventeen in all. These were so arranged that not an inch of darkness was showing to make the man nervous. Snuffing the candles gives him a job that keeps his mind occupied. Just after midnight the candle in an alcove went out by Jove that draughts a strong one the man said to himself, comforting himself with the sound of his voice. Then consecutively, each candle seemingly extinguished itself, at the same time the narrator is almost frantic with horror of the coming darkness. My self-possession deserted me his mind can no longer retain his self-control. When the last flames distinguished the darkness crushed the last vestiges of reason from my brain he then tries in a vain effort to thrust that ponderous blackness away from me. He then remembers the moonlit corridor just outside the door. And with my head bowed and my arms over my face, made a run for the door, but unfortunately he forgets the exact position of the door and strikes himself heavily on a piece of furniture. At this point his mind is in a complete state of panic, he continued to batter himself against the bulky furniture until a heavy blow on the forehead ends his blind hysteria. When he awakes the next morning his mind was much clearer and calmed. He now realises that he had seen and thought things that were not there, fear that will not bear with reason that deafens and darkens and overwhelms. It followed me through the corridor, it fought against me in the room. A famous quote made by an American president fits very well into the experience of the narrator, there is nothing to fear, except fear itself. The room held nothing but shadows; it was fear that made the man run after the diminishing light. The Signal-Man has one narrator and another main character, there are also three men introduced towards the end. When the signalman is first addressed, he seems to ignore it and turned himself about and looked down the line instead of looking at the rambler above him. The signalman is a dark sallow man, with a dark beard and rather heavy eyebrows there is a use of repetition here to get the point of the mans darkness across. The first conversation the signalman and the rambler hold, is stiff and uncertain. At one point when the rambler turns he detected in his eyes some latent fear of me when questioned upon this the signalman asks whether or not the rambler has ever been to the red light. He answers no and then the signalmans manner clears. The signalman has enough responsibility to bear; but exactness and watchfulness were required of him he cares deeply about his work and it weighs heavily upon him. The rambler also learns that the signalman is remarkably exact and vigilant and is the most appropriate man for the position. Every time the electric bell rang he would break of the conversation and would not speak until all the work had been done. The signalman broke off speaking twice turned his face towards the little bell when it did not ring he would then look towards the red light. When he returned, he had an inexplicable air upon him, so whatever he had seen had either frightened him or made him worried about something. The signalman also speaks of something troubling him, but would not disclose it until their next meeting. This may have been so that the signalman could find the right way to tell the rambler. When the men were outside, the signalman asked when you come tomorrow night, dont call out a very mysterious question to ask. It may mean that he did not want to be frightened the way he had that evening. The signalman discloses what he has been seeing the next night; he is obviously not afraid of the spectre but is afraid of what will happen after it has gone. He still has his rational thought and mind, even though the rambler suggests otherwise, but is proved correct the next morning. The rambler is a very mysterious character, we are never told what he looks like, or what he is wearing, we are only told of his thoughts and actions. To be able to suggest that the signalman was a spirit, not a man may show that he has some belief in the supernatural. When he is told of the signalmans sights he tries to stop the slow touch of a frozen finger tracing out my spine so is a little frightened by this but immediately comes up with a more probable explanation the figure must be a deception of his sense of sight. When he was informed of the first accident that occurred soon after the seeing, a disagreeable shudder crept over me he comforted himself by saying remarkable coincidences did continually occur. But when told of the second accident his mouth was very dry and he could think of nothing to say these coincidences had affected him. When told of the ringing bell that did not ring he regained his composure, he took the signalman to the door to prove that it was not there. Once they resumed their seats the rambler began to think that it was the man himself that was the problem. It was mental torture of a conscientious man, oppressed beyond endurance by an unintelligible responsibility involving life the rambler believes the signalman; even though he precise in his work should be discharged from working otherwise he will brake under the pressure. He does state when he has left the hut that he does not like the red light Nor, did I like the two sequences of the accident this shows he is still human but just does not believe the proceeding events. The following day when he is walking he experiences nameless horror at the sight of a man by the red light, but to his relief finds it to be just a man. In going down to investigate the tarpaulin he learns of the signal mans death, and the words in which the signalman and himself had repeated, I said, below there! Look out! Look out! For Gods sake clear the way! were last things said to the signalman. He now knows that the signalman was correct but paid a high price. In both stories the writers withhold all characters names, this adds mystery and a touch of the unknown to the stories. It makes the reader wonder about who they really are, if theyre good or not, whether theyve just been released from prison a man who had been shut-up within narrow limits or are have genuine intentions. It makes the reader unsure of whom to trust, so they come into the story with an open mind instead of just trusting their narrator. When I first read the sentence from The Signal Man (above quote) I thought that it might have been the narrator who was the ghost, because the narrow limits could also be portrayed as a coffin, in which he had just been released. Each story describes the other characters more than the main one, but the writers keep description to the minimum. The main characters in both stories are male; this may be because they were considered more trustworthy and reliable than their female counterparts who would make the stories less believable. I think that the young man in The Red Room is the most believable character out of all of them; Wells displays his thoughts very vividly so you can almost feel what he is going through. The Red Room is written in the first person, this gives the reader the thoughts of the young man as he goes through the story. It conveys his fears, which the reader can relate to, giving the reader a sense of being there as it happens. A disadvantage to writing in the first person is that the reader knows the young man will survive the stay in the red room. The Red Room opens in the middle of a conversation, putting the reader immediately in story. Tension would be present from the start due to the young man saying, it will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me this gives the reader a hint at what the story will be about. The elderly man also invites intrigue when stating that it is your own choosing making the presumed trip sound dangerous which heightens the tension. When the third man comes in , chilling descriptions are used to add even more tension, red eyes from under shade. When the young man journeys through the passageway tension is built by his frightened thoughts someone crouching to waylay me. There is a trough in the tension when he realises it is only a statue, he then feels calmer and controls his thoughts. The reader then thinks nothing will happen for a while. When he enters the room it is dark and shadowy, tension builds with his thoughts about the remoter darkness of the place things that could hurt him are just of sight. The revolver is there to heighten the tension; it does this by making the reader think it is going to be used, the reader expects it. He solves his problems by bringing in candles that abolish the penumbra and dark corners. This settles his nerves and his mind; the reader then perceives that since there is light and cheeriness in the room nothing will happen, this is where there is a trough in the tension. Then just after midnight tension rockets with the disappearing light, his actions are wild and frantic. But the tension then drops when he knocks himself out and wakes up to daylight. Nothing can happen to him in daylight. The explanation of fear depending upon the reader may cause the tension to rise or fall. Wells uses tension to create a roller coaster ride for the reader, one moment the reader expects nothing to happen but then it does. I entered, closed the door behind me at once, turned the key I found in the lock within, stood with the candle held aloft, surveying the scene of the my vigil, the great red room of Lorraine Castle, in which the young duke had died this extended sentence is there to make it sound as if the man is doing the actions, going through the paces of entering, locking the door and turning around. This displays his minds thoughts, which are quick and short, showing unease. The Signal Man is also written in the first person, this enables the reader to have an insight into the narrators thoughts. The story opens to dialogue, putting the reader straight into the story. The reticence of the signalman to tell the rambler how to get down is suspicious and adds suspense. There is a tension between the two men when they first meet, this will also add to the suspense. After they have finished talking and the rambler is about to leave the signalman says I am troubled t is very difficult to impart if you make me another visit, I will try to tell you this adds tension by making the reader wonder what is troubling the signalman. There is a trough in the tension when the rambler leaves the signalman, but the next night there is jump in tension because the signalman is waiting for the rambler when he returns the following night. The thing that was troubling the signalman is disclosed to the rambler, the tension would rise quickly. But the narrator is doubtful and leaves some hours later, the tension would fall again. The following evening when the rambler is walking he sees a man by the red light, thinking that it is the spectre he experiences a moment of Nameless horror this would relate back to the reader, increasing the tension radically. The tension would then fall, because the narrator sees it is only a man, but then sees the tarpaulin. The tension would go through the roof when the rambler finds that the signalman is dead and what the signalman had said to him the night before came true. Dickens creates tension and then dissipates it to make the reader unsure of what will happen next, which engages the reader and entices them to read on further. Both writers use short sentences to convey actions at a time of nervousness. Each writer makes use of the troughs and peaks of tension in their story. Making sure the reader cannot tell what will happen next. The Red Room is dynamic and upbeat because the storyline introduces new thoughts and actions often, whereas The Signal Man is slower and more stagnant because most of the story is concentrated on the conversations between the two men. The stories are written in the first person giving the reader a first hand view of what is happening. This enables the emotions of the narrator to get across easily to the reader, making the story more real. Both stories were written in 19th century, so the language is slightly archaic, atavistic apoplexy. The archaic language adds tension to the writing by giving it an old air, which is appropriate for the ghost story. The Red Room uses a lot of figurative language, mainly personification to create images in the readers mind, giving them a different way to see the story. The reader can relate to it more if they can see a picture than just words. The use of figurative language starts when he is in the passageway. The shadows cower and quiver this is a good use of personification; it makes the shadows move like they were alive. Cower and quiver are actions that something does when they are scared, so if the shadows are scared then it does not bode well for the young man. A shadow came sweeping up after me and one fled before me into the darkness are both quotes of personification, the shadows move quickly and alarmingly about the man. Lifting the tension because there is almost a point of no return for the man, since they are behind him as well as in front, this also gives the reader a taster of things to come. On one page there are three metaphors, germinating darkness this makes the darkness like an infestation that spreads quickly about the room, it could also mean that the darkness vegetates in his mind making it larger and darker than it really is. My candle was a little tongue of light in its vastness making the room huge and the darkness overwhelming, the candle is not enough to explore all of its hidden depths. And left an ocean of mystery, the ocean means a vastness, endlessness of mystery, with nothing moving or making a sound. But his mind is still full with thoughts. It is the stillness that is frightening, the stillness is not right to his mind; things should be moving or making a sound, but are not. The candles in the room are cheery and reassuring but after midnight the Black shadows sprang back, personification is used here to create the effect of a rapid and sudden darkness that fell upon the room. The fear of the man is portrayed in mostly personification, such as the shadows I feared and fought against returned, and crept in upon me a lot of tension is added with the word crept it suggests a quiet and slow advance of the shadows, that would prolong his nightmare. Like a ragged storm cloud sweeping out the stars is a fantastic simile, it conjures a great storm raging above in my mind. The images of the storm blocking the starlight are great, they are perfect comparisons to the darkness and light. The extended piece of figurative language towards the ending, darkness closed upon me like the shutting of an eye, wrapped about me in a stifling embrace, sealed my vision, and crushed the last vestiges of reason from my brain reflects the sheer panic and terror the man is going through. The writer has used similes and personification throughout the sentence. The first few words of the line describe how quickly the darkness came, the shutting of the eye may indicate death and now that he is in total dark he will not get out alive. Darkness wrapping about him means that the blackness is total and all around, the stifling embrace of the darkness about the man means that it holds him tightly and will not let him go. Crushing the last vestiges from his brain indicates that he has lost complete control of his thought, his mind is thinking on its own and not producing any good thoughts. The writing is long and dynamic, which is a reflection on how fast and how out of control his thoughts are. This reveals the narrators mind and body are out of control. The penultimate paragraph describes the mans black fear as an extended piece of personification, followed me lurks creeps follow deafens. This amount of personification is needed to reinforce the idea that fear is a human attribute that we make, not a room or house. The very last line is cryptic there is fear in that room and there will be- so long as this house of sin endures the reader then asks themselves a number of questions. What has happened to the room/house to make it sinful? How has the sin of the house made people fear that particular room? This ending makes the story unfinished, as a reader this is annoying, but it also makes the story more sinister and malign. Dickens uses more literal language to craft his narrative. Although he does make use of figurative language it is far less apparent than his application of literal language. His descriptions of the environment and characters are very controlled and precise. He relies heavily upon the choice of noun, verb, adverb and adjective to craft his vivid imagery. The narrative shows that Dickens is a Realist writer since it is precise and exact. The description of the cutting has adjectival imagery littered throughout, such adjectives as angry deep violent deadly. These are negative adjectives implying darkness and evil. They get a clear message across that the cutting has a malicious air. The tension of the story is done almost completely on the use of adjectives. Adjectives set the tone for the story; they also add tension and darker tones to it. Dickens uses adjectival images throughout the story, some include daunted damp arbarous monstrous these continue to keep the story sombre and morose. The use of figurative language is limited to just a few instances, one being an angry sunset personification is used to give the atmosphere an even more menacing air. This story was written in 1866, the writing is very cynical maybe the rambler thoughts were the writers own. This was a time when people were starting not to believe ghosts and the supernatural. The verbs and adjectives used are also an indicator to what time the story was written, as I perused the fixed eyes and saturnine face, peru

Michigan Liquor Control Commission Research Paper

Michigan Liquor Control Commission - Research Paper Example This paper will discuss the issues associated with the Michigan liquor distribution system. It will also explore the best possible solutions to the problems from managers’ perspectives. If the government had properly redesigned Michigan liquor distribution system, current issues in the distribution process would have been resolved to some extent. The state of Michigan maintains a three-tier liquor distribution system that builds strong legal walls between state-approved wholesalers, suppliers, and retailers (legal issues†¦, 2010). This traditional liquor distribution system imposes more costs on consumers as it limits the chances of market competition which may end up on price cuts. It is advisable for the state of Michigan to ensure the private sector involvement in liquor distribution process as this practice would be beneficial for ultimate consumers. At the same time, authorities must ensure that the private sector operations fully comply with the state liquor distribution policies. From the case study, it seems that the number of state stores has remained fairly constant over the last years and this situation raises difficulties for both the state of Michi gan and the consumers. In order to resolve such issues, opening more stores in different cities of the state would be reasonable. Similarly, the existing three state-owned and operated warehouses may not be adequate to effectively and timely meet the needs of 12,000 retail licensees that serve the consuming public throughout the state. Hence, the Michigan Liquor Control Commission might conduct a detailed market study to identify the proper distribution channels that would improve the operational efficiency of the state liquor distribution system. It is also recommendable to close the existing 75 smaller second-tier state warehouses and allow the retailers to directly get liquor products from the state-owned warehouses. The elimination of second-tier state warehouses from the liquor distribution system would be helpful for the MLCC to trim down the current distributional cost of $20 million per year.

Historic Preservation And the Imagined West Assignment

Historic Preservation And the Imagined West - Assignment Example The researcher states that the book Historic Preservation and the Imagined West by Judy Morley reviews these districts and what their effect may really be on the local public as well as the tourist business that is created. There was much pain in the development of these districts, as well as the gains for the cities themselves. Albuquerque is a vibrant city that is one of the fastest growing cities in the Southwest. It is in the high desert with mountains all around. There are many personalities to the city and it has grown in such a way, through planning, that it is easy to move around in and for tourists is very well marked. There are many things to do when visiting and one of those in Old Town. The Hispanic presence in Albuquerque is part of the history, as is the presence of the Pueblo Indian tribes of the Navajo, Apache, and Southern Utes, to name a few. Many of these cultural differences have affected the way the city feels when you visit. Old Town is on Central and 4th Street s in what was the heart of the city. The city has grown up around it so that is no longer true; however, As you walk into Old Town you are immediately reminded of an old Spanish village with its wrought iron fences and its covered patios. There are flower gardens everywhere and outside establishments to have a cool drink in the shade. The irony of this is that the Mexican people who established the area was evicted from there homes in order to renovate the area as Old Town. Yes, it draws many thousands of tourists every year and millions of dollars are spent on expensive jewelry and restaurants but the cost was high in human living standards. The poor that used to live there now live in the areas around Old Town. Many of them live in abject poverty and the level of crime there is tremendous. Navajo jewelry, the real stuff, used to be sold off Navajo blankets in the square but now you can only buy Navajo jewelry and rugs in the shops along the veranda. Morley has tried to explain thi s to us in her book. Go to the internet and see Old Town as it exists today. They want you to believe that is the way it has always been in Old Town and of course what you see is what you get. However, underlying all that beauty and fun is the cost of the loss of homes and pieces of a culture as the changes began. The poverty and gangs in Albuquerque is tremendous with Albuquerque having one of the largest ratings for drive-by shootings and gang activities in the nation. At what cost has Albuquerque gained the riches of their history. Denver Colorado and Larimer Street are famous on the tourist's tour. First of all Denver sits in the high desert among some of the most beautiful mountain vistas available anywhere. It is growing and urban sprawl has spread up the sides of those mountains. It still, by tourists, and some of the residents are seen as part of the Wild West and certainly if you ever watch a western on TV you will see why. Larimer Street is the center of old Denver. It sit s on 1st street within the city. This part of the city originally housed a dry goods store, the first bank in the west, a bookstore, and the first post office in the west. Today, you would never know it. All the buildings have been renovated and it is full of beautiful shops, restaurants and nightclubs. It is remarkable to note that prior to the renovation it was very much like the Wild West. This is where the homeless and prostitutes hung out.

Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art Essay

Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art - Essay Example The paper "Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art" discusses Andy Warhol's films and art. As told earlier, Andy’s films quite went against the rules of movie making the Classical Hollywood Cinema especially. He produced films that were characterized by boring long sequences that lacked a change in image or focus. His films did not have a clear path like usual films; he made use of sloppy camera work, and the sound was far from better. In addition, his films had superstars acting with exaggerated gestures and sense of clumsiness. This is contrary to his visual paintings that done distinctly by experimenting with different contexts and colors. Unlike his films where he could repetitively focus on one image and subject, his pop art dealt with subjects that ranged from the everyday mundane objects such as â€Å"Campbell’s Soup Cans† to celebrities such as â€Å"Marilyn Monroe.† It is also important to note that his artwork embraced the use of cartoons for his subjects. Warhol’s art was also characterized by creativity and mass-produced, unlike his films, which hardly got any creativity. One of his films, Sleep produced in 1963 provides a clear picture of his filmmaking characteristics. The film was comprised of one continuous shot of Warhol’s close friend John Giorno depicting his as sleeping for 8 hours. It is critical to note, however, that the shooting took only twenty minutes with the rest of the film being characterized by repetitions of the film’s opening sequence and silkscreen pictures.

History of Gender in Fashion

History of Gender in Fashion Role of designers need not be gender biased or biology biased. A detailed scrutiny into gender and sex shows one is biological and other societal. For instance, females, biologically are designed to give birth. Once they have given birth and performed the mammalian function, they can take up a role of hunter or a warrior. The terms hunter and nester refer to masculine and feminine. Masculine describes an approach that is abstract in nature, usually focused on a splendid thought, the way of a hunter. Contrary to this, feminine approach is considered to be orchestrating detailed decisions contributing to wider set of objectives, the way of a nester. Regardless of sex, fashion designers can be categorized into 3 groups- Hunter, Nester and nester- hunter designer. Hunter designers are those who have focused approach on one thing but to do that very efficiently. Designers in nester group have broad minded approach. They aspire to take steps in sequence contributing to a decision keeping i n mind long term objectives. Fashion was not always a gendered occurrence. Until eighteenth century, both men and women decked themselves with elaborate dresses. Costume historians have elaborated that gender distinction in dress was not that prominent until nineteenth century. Men and women in elite class often emulated abundant show of rich velvets, fine silks, lace, decorative footwear, wigs, head embellishments and scented powders. Men in pink suits, gold and silver jewelry and embroidered shirts were considered very masculine, regardless of choice of color or ornaments worn. The more intricate the dress, the higher used to be the status of the wearer in the society. Fashion was not only a womens affair then. It became feminized since nineteenth century when gender representation became stronger than societal class. With the turn of century, not only fashion became more feminized, but male identity went through a distinct change with modernization. Early theorists related fashion to the social status of women. The affluent displayed their wealth by ornamenting their wives and daughters exuding an air of sophistication. The women also spent endless efforts and hours to be ladies. At the end of eighteenth century bourgeois male went through the great masculine renunciation, as a result of which men gave up wearing all the bright colors and jewelry leaving it to the womens domain. In post industrial societies, men were guided by occupational spheres. Their business and casual attire were starkly different. Also age segmentation has played a very prominent role in defining mens style. Amongst women, age segmentation is only for those who want to believe in it. Although the designer fashion tends to extend beyond the boundaries of masculinity, the gender fashion still exists between male and female fashion. To that extent, fashion may be assumed to be cultural, affecting consumers perception and experience of design.The impact of gender is very evident in the visual appearances in consumers mind. For instance, pink for the girl and blue for the boy goes the clichà © defining gender by color coding. In the designer world, industrial design is thought as male and textile design as female. Even design is rendered into gender stereotypes like feminine lace, dolls for girls, masculine leather, etc. As industriliazation took place, social stratas on clothing transformed in eterms of occupation. The social chasm between lower class, middle and upper class was huge during the industrial era. Clothes were almost unavailable for the poor but were in abundance for the rich- for whom changes in fashions were created. Members of other social classes were just expected to emulate the rich if they wished to appear fashionable. By late nineteenth century clothes had become cheaper and accessible to lower classes of society. Middle and upper class women spent substantial amount of their incomes on fashionable clothes. Mens social clothing became more and more simplified. Infact the concept of uniforms and dress codes gained importance to showcase the ranks in the bureaucratic organizations. In the twentieth century, clothes seem to have lost their economic relevance but not their symbolic relevance. This is because clothes are available in all price ranges to suit all pockets. Those with l imited resources can still emulate fashion by creating personal styles which are expression of their identities rather than imitating styles of the affluent. Appearance of fashion indicated sudden appearance of a new social bond and a social temporality with time, fashion trends have changed. It has been dominated by cult, uniqueness, inspiration from local and foreign models. Fashion instituted the social power of minute signs which has an astonishing mechanism of social distinction of those who dress in an innovative way. It also draws inspiration from ancestral heritage and social norms. Fashion perhaps forms a major part in the construction of a social identity. It is an indication of how people in different eras showcased their positions and status boundaries. The most visible marks of social status and gender has been broadly showcased by Fashion. Fashion dictates the choices that people make in the form of culture, norms and appropriateness of the occasion. For instance, hats were a huge fashion statement and were worn to either showcase recognised or desired social status. Fashion clothing also revealed the occupation, social class and regional origin of a person. It distinguishes elite fashion from everyday fashion. There is very less in common amongst dressing style of a secretary a homemaker, a businessman and a law enforcement officer. As a social phenomenon, it has been treated as futile because of huge association of outward appearance with women. The face of fashion defines its phenomena. Female fashion emanates uniqueness and change. Mens interest in fashion is dictated by their occupation generally but womens interest depends upon their fascination with beauty. Now the nature of fashion seems to have changed. From nineteenth century when fashion was more on well defined standard of societal appearance has now evolved into being more contemporary. It has become indistinct, multifaceted and highly fragmented. New styles have been evolved over the years. Societies have changed dramatically in the past few decades. Social class has become less prominent in the contemporary society of today. Instead of class differentiation there is fragmentation of cultures within socities. 1960s was a special era in the sense where fashion emerged in lower status groups and adopted by the affluent. This fashion phenomena defied age and social barriers conveying pride to the trendsetter. In early 90s, designers triesd to be innovative by adding feminine elements to menswear.Also there seemed to be a female dominance over the culture. Fashion for women fits the definition of conflicted supremacy. Women have held contrasting position in different times ranging from marginally unconcealed to conservative to acceptable fashionable to feminine dominance and empowerment in 90s. Turrow believes lifestyles are now in hypersegmentation which isolates each lifestyle in its own niche. People are more likely to frequent changes in their lifestyle now. The mulitplicity of changes that such lifestyle in a contemporary society presents the opportunity to an indidual to break away from tradition.Todays individual constructs a send of identity from his past, present and future events, commitments and aspirations. The individual styles have also gone through frequent changes in line with their changing lifestyles. Personal orientation, income, education, family careers, social position influence a persons taste in fashion. The younger generation today, usually with more affluent background have post modernist attitude towards identity. Attitude of younger women towards fashion is that of liberalization, power and personal panache. Men are now borrowing elements of costumes from women. Problems are faced when there is persistence to keep male gender above the female one . Today men spend lot of time and money on hair styling, appearance, fashionable clothing and skin products. These men are being coined as metrosexual. A metrosexual man willingly displays his masculinity from his ability to consume, showcase his toned physique to assert his identity as an urban middle class man.Yet again, fashion is being used to exhibit gender identity. Fashions most imminent characteristic is that it changes. With multiple demands on clothing and dressing, change is the only constant. Cross-dressing has come up as a welcome antidote to confining concepts of society and gender. It offers alternative ways to visualize and dress up a gender and might end up freeing the consumers restrictive thoughts on gender dressing. Realm of fashion in undergoing a radical change. Fashion contributes to newer definitions of social identities and newer attributes to personal preferences. Today because of globalization, fashion houses have to constantly innovate, think out of the box as consumers are no longer fashion victims. Gender studies in design have now challenged these contentious gender, sterotypes, cultural and societal outlook. Female designers earlier have been more prevalent in ceramics, textile designs and men more prominent in abstract art and advertising designs. These self, societal and cultural divisions are breaking down now. Men and women both have critical roles to play as consumers and producers of design. People select styles to suit their identity, lifestyle and societal norms. Fashion is a choice not a compulsion. It is not a simple process to achieve equivalence between design and customer preference. Designers today are pushing gender based boundaries in fashion and almost pulverizing them. They are bringing to life their vision of what they consider fashion. Designers are now teaming up with people who have different perspectives to make an impact in all their designs. They take pride in and gain strength from the richness of a multicultural society and recognize it as a continuous growth . They work in an environment where they contribute their thoughts freely and create designs. These designs are sated with utmost creativity, uniqueness, abstractness and intricacy at the same time. This has become the definition of success. Sources Used http://books.google.com/books?id=vphcHONAXmwCprintsec=frontcoverdq=what+is+fashion+as+an+identityhl=enei=G8I1TbSfBo6AhQet4pi_Cwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false http://books.google.com/books?id=jxtMLGIdQ8cCpg=PA323dq=challenge+gender+and+stereotypes+in+fashionhl=enei=7i02TZ7PDcb-4wbn-M3fAgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=8ved=0CFEQ6AEwBw#v=onepageq=challenge%20gender%20and%20stereotypes%20in%20fashionf=false http://books.google.com/books?id=LUWTJWXZ2QQCpg=PA10dq=male+and+female++fashionhl=enei=YVk1TdKHKonKhAfon7m8Cwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=male%20and%20female%20%20fashionf=false

Revolution Girl-style Now! Essay -- essays research papers fc

Revolution Girl-Style Now! Riot Grrrls were originally born out of the â€Å"Punk† scene where rebellion was expressed in attitude, appearance, style, and music. Defining Riot Grrrl is much like defining Punk. There is no central organization, no authoritive definition, just an attitude concerned with pointing out social hypocrisy and empowering people to â€Å"do it yourself†, creating a culture of their own when they see that the mainstream media does not reflect their concerns or provide outlets for their efforts. Riot Grrrl is a supportive environment for girls and young women which is concerned with feminist issues such as rape, abortion rights, bulimia/anorexia, sexism, sexuality, double standards, self-defense, fat oppression, classism, and racism. Riot Grrrl is a network of fanzines that are produced by the angry â€Å"girl revolutionaries† who identify with the music that is associated with Riot Grrrl. The fanzines, self-designed and self-written, uncensored and uninhibited photocopied publications, are often intensely personal. That personal outlet is translated to larger political action when the fanzines are available to the public, bringing people together for conventions and other consciousness-raising activities. The ethos is about supporting each other and empowering each other. In actuality, Riot Grrrl is a frame of mind. It's a way for them to come together in a common cause: â€Å"Revolution Girl-Style Now!†. Since no specific person or people claim they created it, Riot Grrrl has meant many things to many people. Most girls do not attempt to define it anymore. â€Å"EVERY GRRRL IS A RIOT GRRRL. All you need is a healthy dose of pissed-of-ness at the treatment of womyn in our society. We are NOT all punk, all white, all lesbians, all musicians, all fanzine editors, all vegetarians, all victims of abuse, all straight edge. There is no ‘stereotypical' Riot Grrrl.† (Knight 9) The early Riot Grrrl scene was a â€Å"loose-knit† affiliation of feminist Punks, formed circa 1991 in Olympia, Washington and Washington D.C. The philosophy of â€Å" do it yourself† and â€Å"you can do anything† seemed to apply mostly to boys, who were the ones making the music and dictating the styles. By the early ‘90s, more and more girl bands started springing up, but ironically they found themselves battling sexism and discrimination within a movement originally based in a consciousness about youth ... ...ther in a common cause: â€Å"Revolution Girl-Style Now!†. Bibliography Carlip, Hillary. Girl Power: Young women speak out. New York: Warner Books, Inc., 1995 "Grrrls kick ass!". Online. Available HTTP: http://www. Micoks.net:80/~ tiffani/girl.html Hanok, Emily. The Girl Within. New York:Fawcett Books, 1989 Knight, Zain. Luster fanzine. San Fransisco. Madhu.. "Riot Grrrl". Online. Available HTTP: http://www.angelfire.com/nj/alienshe/grrrl.html Orviro, Rachel. "I Am a Girl". Online. Available HTTP: http://www. voiceofwomen.com/sac/girl.html. Pipher, Mary, Ph.D. Reviving Ophelia: Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls. New York: Ballantine Books, 1995 "REVOLUTION GIRL STYLE NOW!". Online. Available HTTP: http://www. Smu.edu/~hnovales/girl.html Sam. "I AM XL & PROUD". Kingfish fanzine. SanDiego. Spirit. "What is a Riot Grrrl anyway?". Online. Available HTTP: http://www. columbia.edu:80/~ril 3/music-html/bikini kill/girl.html "So What the heck is Riot Grrrl?". Online. Available HTTP: http://www. indieweb.com/riotgrrrl/rg-perplexed.html Wilson, Jodi. Crisco fanzine. San Fransisco.

Health Care Communications Methods Essay

You are the communications coordinator for a national drug manufacturer. Recently, there have been reports of significant negative effects caused by one of your medications that are used by a significant population. News reports have alleged that one of the individuals affected is a well-known public figure. You are tasked with addressing the news reports and the general public regarding this situation. As one of the head members of communications at DrugsRus for the past 15 years, it has been shown firsthand the belongings of narcotic medications on our local population. These have been analyzed and investigated on a national level. It is only recently that the overwhelming craving to the drugs has become widespread within our area; spreading like weeds throughout the country. The increase of drug dependent patients and drug related episodes has resulted in a raised amount of attention and concern from the public. Taking all of this into consideration, overdosing occurrences from incompatible interactions with other medications; narcotic, controlled, or non-narcotic properties alike, have resulted in an exceptional need for change within our business concerning patient rules, regulations, guidelines and restrictions. Changes to otherwise generally agree upon medications as well as required authorization approvals upon external medication intake must be reconsidered. Some have been asked by our board members to develop a communication strategy to address these needs as well as the impact HIPPA and other regulations will have on this type of communication. The following will include the communication strategy decided upon to take as well as the encountered use of regulatory systems such as HIPPA, followed by the advantages and disadvantages of using traditional, electronic and social media for our healthcare communication. Furthermore, the reasons of each of the components of the communication strategies chosen. Communication Channels Although telecommunications is moving forward quickly at a distressing rate, historically established methods of communication in healthcare are still very successful. These traditional communication channels include face-to-face discussions, telephone calls, post mail, fax, memorandums, board meetings, and reports to name a few. Technology has raised the use of electronic communication methods which has in turn has paved the way for new kinds of social media communication methods. Electronic channels of communication include emails, text messaging, EMRs, two-way radios, instant messaging, overhead audio announcements and video conferencing among many other portable devices. Social media channels include newspapers, television broadcasting, online networking, advertisements, webcasts, and social media websites. Unlike using postal mail, utilizing social media and electronic forms of communication would allow the user to emit and obtain information simultaneously as well as gain feedback and reply virtually within minutes. There is always a need for previously documented communication, so advantages of traditional channels include the ability to record and obtain the message that was communicated at a later date for conformation and review. However, the disadvantage is that formal means are usually delayed, meaning the message may not be received until a later date depending upon the medium used, such as with postal mail. The advantages of electronic channels are that messages can be communicated online with ease as well as with the ability to save, download and store the information on a storage media for printing and accessing at a later time. This has virtually eliminated the delay of other traditional means by allowing for the same documentation but at an instant; as well as allows multiple, simultaneous access. Disadvantages of the electronic means can include invasion of privacy and possible security breach as well as it may not reach the part of the public unable to afford such devices or internet access. Advantages of using the social media aspect can attract the attention needed to promote a product or service intended or drive traffic to the intended website of services. This type of channel has the ability to bring people together from all over the world as well as allows each person to express their own opinions and ideas, providing well-needed feedback. Disadvantages of this method when not used properly or failed to promote the communication effectively can cause a permanent damage to the company’s reputation; as this mistake is seen in front of hundreds or thousands of people who also have direct and easy access of spreading their messages online. This way of communicating can also be more time consuming as someone has to be constantly checking in to make comments, answer questions, and reply to feedback. Regulatory Effects While healthcare organizations are responsible to adhere to regulations on a federal level such as with (HHS) Department of Health and Human Services and (HIPPA) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; they are bound by state, local, and some private accrediting organization regulations as well. Any method of communication taken in regards to internal employee and patient awareness as well as external partners, patient families, and the general public must obtain and maintain compliance with regulations set forth by all of the agencies involved. It is important to understand that under the HIPPA privacy law, any identifying information of any patient must have that patient’s written consent before their medical information can be shared. This includes the verbal, written, and electronic use in addition to, appointing a privacy officer responsible for compliance to these standards as well as the ability to identify all ways they intend on communicating the patient information (Osborne, M. Ed. ,OTR/L, 2002). One example, according to the Joint Commission and HIPPA, (SMS) short message service or text messaging is non-secure and noncompliant with safety and privacy regulations and therefore not permitted (Brooks, MD, 2012). In order to use social media channels the information must be DE-identified to maintain compliance with all federal, state and local regulations. Communication Strategy The guidelines, regulations, and restrictions reform will educate employees and target patients, to prohibit the use of adverse medications while receiving treatment at DrugsRus by informing them of the deadly effects and loss of life as a result, using counselors, nurses and physicians through in house meetings, group therapy, one-on-one sessions, automated voicemail messages, flyers, and overhead announcements as well as updated patient rules and regulations pamphlets distributed at the medication window, for the purposes of saving lives and promoting sobriety throughout the recovery process. Rationale for Components Educating our employees will be the first line of defense as our staff can educate the patients as well as enforce the new rules effectively. Counselors can discuss adverse effects of combining medications while in one-on-one sessions with patients. Flyers posted on the walls and offered at the check-in window as well as overhead announcements will catch the attention of patient entering and sitting in the front lobby. Group meetings will be held for patients to discuss changes and express their feelings about the new rules as well as receive feedback as to why these measures have been taken and were needed. Updated pamphlets will be given to each patient as they enter to receive their medication, ensuring every patient is made aware of these official changes. Voicemail messages will follow to ensure the patients at home will be notified of a change and will be opted to prepare for the transition. The object is to reach all of the sixteen hundred patients receiving treatment in enough time to save lives. Each passing day is another chance for an adverse reaction to take another life. In order to implement changes effectively and quickly, all measures of communication must be utilized. Summary In conclusion, as the opiate trend rises among our local and national population, the rise of deaths due to adverse effects of these medications has risen to an all-time high. It is because of the fatalities that a reform of the present patient rules, regulations and guidelines must be implemented and adhered to immediately. As communications officers, we have been asked to develop a strategy to address those needs. We have included some of the present communication methods as well as channels and measures with which to use them effectively. We have included some of the regulations surrounding the legal use of those communication methods. We have given a complete communication strategy which addresses who and what the communication strategy will involve. We have showed how we are going to implement the communication, where and the results of the communication strategy. We have followed up with the reasons this communication effort is so important to our patients and facility as well as vital to our community as a whole.

The place of Quebec is at the heart of the debate on constit essays

The place of Quebec is at the heart of the debate on constit essays The confederation settlement in Canada was proclaimed in 1867 and for the next 100 years Quebec was politically quiet, showing no signs of agitation toward the constitutional guidelines. During this period Quebec nationalism remained very defensive in character, with the primary effort of Quebec politicians being, to protect the constitutional framework, rather campaigning for reform. With the onset of the quiet revolution in the early 1960s, for which Quebec began to progress in many ways, economically, politically and becoming one of the most secular provinces in Canada. The Quebec government began to push for reform in the constitution, pushing for its recognition as a distinct society, due to the vast francophone majority in the province. Further manifestations maintained that Quebec should become a sovereign state in control of its own politics, these proposals went to attempts at referendum in the constitution act in 1982, the Meech lake Accord in 1987 and the Charlottetown A ccord in 1991-92, all of which will be discussed later. This move for reform of the system was intensified with the emergence of other sources of political discontent, such as the Aboriginal peoples, lack of representation in the House of Commons for the economically prosperous west, and new social movements such as Feminism and environmentalism . The Canadian system seems in need of reform but is the province of Quebec the only real or major source of discontent? Quebec has been a major source of political debate in Canada since the beginning of the 1960s as their quiet revolution began. The quiet revolution was a period of great change for the Quebecois, the most important probably being those of secularisation and as the economy and society in Quebec went through this period of change it no longer became a disadvantage to be of French mother tongue. As French became the language of teaching and of business in Quebec, an increase in nationa...

Rapheal, Marriage of a Virgin essays

Rapheal, Marriage of a Virgin essays c. In order to obtain a better understanding of this work, the artist, and the time period in which it was developed, it would be helpful to look at useful comparisons of both the work of this artist and other influential work that may have served as an inspiration to this particular piece. Raphael a very well known Renaissance painter was an artist who was able to combine the qualities of both Leonardo and Michelangelo to create art that had drama, richness, and an almost sculptural quality. In comparison to a piece created in 1507 named La Belle Jardiniere, The Marriage of the Virgin an earlier work has some remarkable similarities both literally and figuratively. The figures in both of his interpretations are executed in a similar manner. All of the characters are in their own unique poses. All of the figures seem to be painted in the same technique, solid having a distinct mass, and painted in such a way that resembles a sculpture. In addition to this Raphael has used a technique in both known as sfumato or smoke, which creates an almost atmospheric haze to the entire composition. The more significant similarity in my opinion is his use of a triangular or pyramid like focus in the three main characters in La Belle Jardiniere, and between the church, Mary and Joseph in The Marriage of the Virgin. With this particular idea in mind I would like to discuss another work by Pietro Perugino, The Delivery of the Keys. This particular work done in 1482 is so strikingly similar to The Marriage of the Virgin that in opinion there is no doubt that it was a key influence for Raphael in the development of this piece. This triangular focal device was adopted and used in nearly the exact same way as Perugino used it. In both works there are two forces one on the left, and one on the right, which are coming together to form a union with the church in the far background as the visual intersecting eleme ...

Delivering Learning In Online Environments Essay - 14

Delivering Learning In Online Environments - Essay Example A more pragmatic thing to say will be that though online education is not a panacea for every academic void, yet it does facilitate the students, a viable portal to enhance their skills and knowledge if they do not afford to attend regular classes. The supporters of classroom education do say that regular classrooms are a better platform for imparting education as they allow the students to engage in interactions with their class fellows and teachers and analyze varied facets of the academic content they study (Weller, 2002). Besides classroom education nowadays is flexible enough to provide the students with varied time schedules and frameworks to allow them to add on to their academic achievements. The traditional campus environment does help the students to be disciplined with their curriculum and studies and to be prompt with their assignments, papers, and deadlines (Weller, 2002). It allows the students to avail the required help and academic framework to finish their assignments in a regular and professional manner. Besides, it is the face to face communication that makes the classroom education so special as compared to online education (Weller, 2002). The motivation and encouragement provided by teachers in regular clas srooms do make the students perform to the best of their ability. Yet, the thing is that the supporters of online education do tend to have valid reasons to support this mode of achieving an education. It has been said time and again that students happen to gain more if they have a vocational aspect to their academic growth. Thereby, online education is very flexible in the sense that it helps the students gain on many skills and academic qualifications while they are engaged in the career and vocational aspects of their life.

Virtual and Social Media Report 2-4-3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Virtual and Social Media Report 2-4-3 - Essay Example One of the main aims behind using this software is for people to create synergistic websites that promote discussion on the subject matter at hand. Hosted by third parties, Wikis are very popular amongst browsers who prefer to leave their input on various issues and/or who like to simply share information they have on the topic. Generally, web users who like to interact with others regarding any particular topic use wikis. Thus, wikis enable an increased virtual and social media communication. However, the main purpose of wikis is to augment people’s knowledge about any given topic – though they do give the netizens a chance to remove off-topic material from the page or website. Wikis enable interaction via information sharing, as well as input of comments and suggestions. Not only do they increase knowledge of netizens, but, as stated earlier, they enable them to enhance their interactional skills, thereby increasing an exchange of ideas and interaction on an individual level. On a corporate level, wikis help companies in forming networks that augment efficiency by simplifying tasks. Not only do companies get their message across to targeted groups, but they also receive input from them at the same time, thus, enabling them to promote their merchandise, services and/or proposals more ably. Wikis also aid companies in working together with their clients as well as managing various projects. The strengths of wikis include its appealing nature, whereby whatever the target audience of the wikis is, participation is always obtained. Since wikis are not daunting or controlled strictly, the users find them easy to use, thereby enhancing communication. Moreover, wikis help promote the idea of data exchange or information sharing. Another strength lies in the flexibility of the wikis; they can be altered to meet the needs of the users. The weaknesses of the wikis lie in their strengths as well. As